This book is a tour de force of astrophysics history since Einstein introduced General Relativity. It covers the history and conceptual development of astro physical bodies developed from implosion of stars of any size and the gravitational effects resulted due to General Relativity. It should be a reference book for any students of General Relatvity and astrophysics. It covers black holes, white dwarfs, pulsars, neutron stars, quasars, super novas and binary system involving them, and worm holes.
Thorne began with the introduction of General Relativity from Einstein and the introduction of black holes as Schwarzchild's singularities which Einstein rejected due to his reluctance of accepting gravitational singularity. The book continues to show how Chandrasekhar develops the Chandrasekhar Limit of white dwarf as a collapsing star under 1.4 solar mass. Next the book shows how implosion is a normal process of a dying star burning off its fuel; and a white dwarf is resulted from an imploding star under 2 solar mass with 10 % of its mass released as energy as developed by Zwicky.
Then Thorne discusses his own Hoop Conjecture about how black hole is formed by a hoop over a rotating imploding star at critical circumference. Also discussed in detail is the "black hole with no hair" phenomenon of Price Theory according to which a black hole loses its magnetic field into dissipating gravitational energy during implosion.
The search for black hole in the sky began with looking for a possible binary star system one of which is a black hole or neutron star using both optical and x ray telescopes. X ray astronomy is developed as a result of searching for black holes. In such a binary star system, the star would exhibit orbital perturbation due to gravity from the black hole as well as alternating blue and red shift from rotation. Black holes would be emitting x ray in such a binary system. Another area of astronomy that is developed due to black holes research is radio astronomy. Large black holes rotations which are the radio wave source of quasars and large distant galaxies are searched by radio telescope. In order to develop better way to measure gravitational waves, the ambitious LIGO Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory was developed by Thorne. He discussed how his Caltech/MIT team detect gravitational waves based on the length difference of two 4km length L shape beams in Washington and Louisiana measured by laser. This project resulted in Thorne and his team to receive the Nobel prize in 2017. LIGO is designed to detect gravitational waves emitted from ripples of curvature from two rotating black holes. Thorne also discussed how Penrose used topology in mathematics to explain connection between objects and Hawking black hole evaporation from vacuum fluctuation. Thorne ends his book with his paper on the initial research of worm hole as time machine and the need of exotic material, material with negative energy density to keep the worm hole staying open. He also presented his effort to deal with Polchinski's colliding Particle paradox if a particle is to exit in the past in a worm hole.
This book, though is overwhelming in length and details, but written in lucid, smooth, and direct prose making it easy to follow. There are boxes with further technical details throughout the entire book for anyone who wants to explore conceptual or experimental details in further depth.
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