"The CIA World Factbook" is the 'easy button' for statistical data on the nations and territories of the world.
All the nations of the world and many non-nation geopolitical entities are described in a uniformly formated, quantifiable fashion. Geography, population, economics, military, domestic and international issues are all laid out in a succinct and usually quantitative way. Trade relationships, treaties, regional alliances, infrastructure, health data, and many more fields are filled for geographical entities from Russia to Palau. All this is complimented by first rate (although large scale) maps and illustrations of flags.
The utility of this is the uniform format, the clear quantification of most data, and the comprehensive nature of the catalog of geopolitical entities. For example, to do a comparison of health care standards between, hypothetically, the U.S., Cuba, France, and Finland, you could use median age, HIV/AIDS rates, infant mortality, and life expectancy, collectively as a way to compare health care systems in the chosen countries. Not perfect, but certainly context, and a place to begin brainstorming and framing the real questions to ask. For another example, the import/export data could be used to build link diagrams and assess economic dependency between different countries.
The book is a powerful tool for students and others looking at international issues and relationships, but is not perfect. Dates of information must be checked, as not all the information is as of the date of publication. Some data is presented in uniform formats when uniform methodologies to collect and quantify the data were not used. And in all cases, a statistical abstract, while useful, frequently does not provide context or directly provide relationships that are needed to make sense of the data. And while I can see the desire for a hard copy book on your desk, this one is available online, in its entirety, and routinely updated for free.
Despite these limits and issues, this is a powerful reference for students of world affairs.
E. M. Van Court