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Mitochondria are tiny structures located inside our cells that carry out the essential task of producing energy for the cell. They are found in all complex living things, and in that sense, they are fundamental for driving complex life on the planet. But there is much more to them than that. Mitochondria have their own DNA, with their own small collection of genes, separate from those in the cell nucleus. It is thought that they were once bacteria living independent lives. Their enslavement within the larger cell was a turning point in the evolution of life, enabling the development of complex organisms and, closely related, the origin of two sexes. Unlike the DNA in the nucleus, mitochondrial DNA is passed down exclusively (or almost exclusively) via the female line. That's why it has been used by some researchers to trace human ancestry daughter-to-mother, to 'Mitochondrial Eve'. Mitochondria give us important information about our evolutionary history. And that's not all. Mitochondrial genes mutate much faster than those in the nucleus because of the free radicals produced in their energy-generating role. This high mutation rate lies behind our ageing and certain congenital diseases. The latest research suggests that mitochondria play a key role in degenerative diseases such as cancer, through their involvement in precipitating cell suicide. Mitochondria, then, are pivotal in power, sex, and suicide. In this fascinating and thought-provoking book, Nick Lane brings together the latest research findings in this exciting field to show how our growing understanding of mitochondria is shedding light on how complex life evolved, why sex arose (why don't we just bud?), and why we age and die. This understanding is of fundamental importance, both in understanding how we and all other complex life came to be, but also in order to be able to control our own illnesses, and delay our degeneration and death. 'An extraordinary account of groundbreaking modern science... The book abounds with interesting and important ideas.' Mark Ridley, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford
著者について
Dr. Nick Lane is an honorary senior research fellow at University College, London. His first book, Oxygen: the Molecule that made the World, was published to critical acclaim by Oxford University Press in 2002.
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最も参考になったカスタマーレビュー
3 人中、3人の方が、｢このレビューが参考になった｣と投票しています。
形式:ペーパーバック
生物学のバックグラウンドの無い人にも分かるように書かれた本です。
くせのない文体で、図や例えを使うなどして、分かりやすく工夫されています。
（でも、やっぱり私には手ごわかった・・・！）
ミトコンドリアって、ちっちゃいけど、すごいやつなんですね。
全く別の生物だったのが、細胞の中に内部共生するようになったおかげで、私達多細胞生物が地球上に存在しているなんて。
ミトコンドリアがいなかったら、私達はいないのか！とびっくりしました。（ダーウィンの進化論だけでは説明できない現象なんですってね。）
ＡＴＰの合成やエネルギーの生産、生物多様性、病気にかかりやすさ、男女二つの性、不妊、細胞自然死、老化と死など、人生のあらゆる側面にミトコンドリアが関与しているんですね。
読んでいくと、「こんな学説が現れたでも、それはあまり当てにならないことが分かった」というようなことの連続で、「いったい確かなのは何？」と、門外漢としては、ちょっと暗い気持ちになりましたが、そこはエピローグでしっかり押さえてあり、ほっとしました。
人生と、ミトコンドリア、この切り離せない関係・・・・興味深い本です。
くせのない文体で、図や例えを使うなどして、分かりやすく工夫されています。
（でも、やっぱり私には手ごわかった・・・！）
ミトコンドリアって、ちっちゃいけど、すごいやつなんですね。
全く別の生物だったのが、細胞の中に内部共生するようになったおかげで、私達多細胞生物が地球上に存在しているなんて。
ミトコンドリアがいなかったら、私達はいないのか！とびっくりしました。（ダーウィンの進化論だけでは説明できない現象なんですってね。）
ＡＴＰの合成やエネルギーの生産、生物多様性、病気にかかりやすさ、男女二つの性、不妊、細胞自然死、老化と死など、人生のあらゆる側面にミトコンドリアが関与しているんですね。
読んでいくと、「こんな学説が現れたでも、それはあまり当てにならないことが分かった」というようなことの連続で、「いったい確かなのは何？」と、門外漢としては、ちょっと暗い気持ちになりましたが、そこはエピローグでしっかり押さえてあり、ほっとしました。
人生と、ミトコンドリア、この切り離せない関係・・・・興味深い本です。
Amazon.com で最も参考になったカスタマーレビュー (beta)
Amazon.com:
46件のカスタマーレビュー
83 人中、83人の方が、｢このレビューが参考になった｣と投票しています。
The Penultimate Roots Trip - Eukaryotes, How We Got Here and How We Work
2005/12/15
形式:ハードカバー
After the origin of life, the next big step on the way to us was the origin of eukaryotes. These are all the organisms - including people, trees, mushrooms, and slime molds - who package most of our DNA into chromosomes in cell nuclei. Mitochondria, the "powerhouses" of eukaryotes, are descended from bacteria which took to living in a very close relationship with another type of one-celled organism; in fact they came to live inside the other. Nick Lane argues that this merger must have preceded the formation of the nuclear membrane. Hence "Penultimate Roots Trip".
Lane starts with a brief section on the origin of life, in order to present necessary information about how organisms get usable energy. This strongly supports his claim that something like a mitochondrion is necessary for life to become more complex than bacteria. After that he describes how formerly free-living bacteria could have evolved into the vastly stripped-down mitochondria. Then he builds up a picture of how that partnership led to the complexities of modern organisms. And I really do mean "builds". Each chapter draws on material from earlier chapters, and the picture becomes more complex as you go on. Fortunately, there are frequent recaps of the material you're about to need.
Marvelously, he manages to tell this story in mostly plain English. A little bit of technical language is unavoidable, but I am confident that it will not be a problem for anyone who wasn't already scared off by the word "mitochondrion" in the subtitle.
In addition to power, sex, and suicide, the book also discusses aging. Lane presents his ideas on why current attempts to slow aging don't seem to be working and gives some suggestions for research he finds more promising. This is the culmination of the book and I hope it provokes a lot of thought in readers at all levels of technical knowledge.
[Original review 14 Dec 2005; "powerhouse" comment added 25 Jan 2006.]
Lane starts with a brief section on the origin of life, in order to present necessary information about how organisms get usable energy. This strongly supports his claim that something like a mitochondrion is necessary for life to become more complex than bacteria. After that he describes how formerly free-living bacteria could have evolved into the vastly stripped-down mitochondria. Then he builds up a picture of how that partnership led to the complexities of modern organisms. And I really do mean "builds". Each chapter draws on material from earlier chapters, and the picture becomes more complex as you go on. Fortunately, there are frequent recaps of the material you're about to need.
Marvelously, he manages to tell this story in mostly plain English. A little bit of technical language is unavoidable, but I am confident that it will not be a problem for anyone who wasn't already scared off by the word "mitochondrion" in the subtitle.
In addition to power, sex, and suicide, the book also discusses aging. Lane presents his ideas on why current attempts to slow aging don't seem to be working and gives some suggestions for research he finds more promising. This is the culmination of the book and I hope it provokes a lot of thought in readers at all levels of technical knowledge.
[Original review 14 Dec 2005; "powerhouse" comment added 25 Jan 2006.]
38 人中、35人の方が、｢このレビューが参考になった｣と投票しています。
Potentially life changing
2006/1/12
形式:ハードカバー
Few to no equations, not all that many figures, terminology introduced as needed, yet... this book is demanding. It has the capacity to put the reader through the proverbial wringer. It is slow going, not because it is per se difficult to read, but because it brings forth many questions and much thought. When I finish it, I will need to read it again.
It might be worth buying a copy for everyone in the local high school's biology course, in hopes that 2 or 3 people would read it, then be inspired and motivated to study hard toward real science.
How can one not be excited by the quest for a Last Universal Common Ancestor, whether there be one or more? How can one not be fascinated by a reprise on mitochondria, which in (even a very good) high school biology course 36 years ago were too glibly termed "the powerhouse of the cell" (but did we really know much more than this about them)? We now have specific and wonderous mechanisms of energetics, a possibility of discernable origins and history, and a convincing argument for a fundamental and perhaps unique point of departure from the all-microscopic and limited prokaryotic world, toward eukaryotes and rich and complex life.
Lane presents his opinions and speculation in addition to settled science, but these are clearly and responsibly identified. In several instances, opposing views are noted in sufficient detail to allow one to investigate another side of the argument. A Further Reading bibliography cites original journal papers.
It might be worth buying a copy for everyone in the local high school's biology course, in hopes that 2 or 3 people would read it, then be inspired and motivated to study hard toward real science.
How can one not be excited by the quest for a Last Universal Common Ancestor, whether there be one or more? How can one not be fascinated by a reprise on mitochondria, which in (even a very good) high school biology course 36 years ago were too glibly termed "the powerhouse of the cell" (but did we really know much more than this about them)? We now have specific and wonderous mechanisms of energetics, a possibility of discernable origins and history, and a convincing argument for a fundamental and perhaps unique point of departure from the all-microscopic and limited prokaryotic world, toward eukaryotes and rich and complex life.
Lane presents his opinions and speculation in addition to settled science, but these are clearly and responsibly identified. In several instances, opposing views are noted in sufficient detail to allow one to investigate another side of the argument. A Further Reading bibliography cites original journal papers.
15 人中、15人の方が、｢このレビューが参考になった｣と投票しています。
The mighty mitochondria
2007/5/10
形式:ペーパーバック|Amazonが確認した購入
Nick Lane tops his previous effort ("Oxygen") in gathering the myriad threads of biological science around a unifiying topic. By writing about all complex life forms from the point of view of their embedded mitochondria he answers open questions (and poses some novel ones) about the rise of complex organisms, the underpinnings of sexual reproduction and programmed cell death, and even our odds of encountering extraterrestial intelligence.
My only quibble is that each chapter seems to have been written for serialized publication -- there is too much summary of past chapters at the start of each.
A great read, for an audience spanning a wide range of previous biology studies.
My only quibble is that each chapter seems to have been written for serialized publication -- there is too much summary of past chapters at the start of each.
A great read, for an audience spanning a wide range of previous biology studies.
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