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Great Subject-Matter But Needs More
2010/3/2
形式:ハードカバー
This text offers a great introduction into the application of phased-array radars as it applies primarily to air and missile defense with some material addressing airborne and surface search radar applications. It uses minimal mathematics and does not go too deeply into radar theory. The text offers a good introduction to the use of waveforms for different purposes in an air and missile defense. Addressing the when and why of waveform selection. The reader will learn the challenges of detection, classification, discrimination and identification (CDI) of tracks. The discussion of search types includes a discussion of horizon fence searches used for early detection of ballistic missile launches and cued search in addition to volume and multiple-beam searches. I have provided the table of contents below. I have not provided a complete expansion of all the subsections in each chapter but it should provide a sufficient overview of the topics discussed. Again, this is more of an introduction to the application of phased-array radars in military applications and makes a great companion to Skolnik's "Introduction to Radar Systems" and "Multifunction Array Radar" by Billetter, for someone just learning about how radar works and is used. These would be excellent texts for the non-specialist (not radar engineers but engineers working on systems that use radar). I would also recommend, "Radar: Principles, Technology, Applications" by Edde, another excellent text. For more theory and heavier mathematics, I would recommend Skolnik's "Radar Handbook," "Modern Radar Systems" by Meikle and "Radar Principles" by Peebles.
One thing I would like to commend the author for including in his text is a table of abbreviations/acronyms. Something that is needed in technical works that utilizes abbreviations/acronyms but is very rarely included in other texts. In this case, it isn't quite complete and in at least one case, the expansion of an acronym was out of date. However, I the number of acronyms/abbreviations that were missing from the table is small in comparison to the size of the table and I was delighted just to finally see this type of table being incorporated into a book such as this. However, I am already well versed in air and missile defense systems and have an above average knowledge of radar. The author's experience writing technical specifications for existing radar systems while with Raytheon showed him the value of including such tables.
The text would have benefited from more discussion into the design of searches and when/why you would apply volume or fence searches at variying elevation angles and ranges. It could also have provided expanded discussion of fluctuation models (e.g. Swerling cases). The reader can obtain further knowledge of the fluctuation models in the text I recommended by Edde.
The reader will experience some Déjà vu while reading the text as some material is repeated. Litterally, cut-and-past duplication. Discussions of target classifiers (Baye's, Dempster-Shafer, Decision Tree, Rule-Based) discussed in Chapter 6 "Target CDI" are duplicated (entire paragraphs and equations) in Chapter 7, "Data Processing Algorithms for Phased Array Radars". In very rare cases is repeating material necessary and this is the primary reason for giving this book a three-star rating. I found the repetition to be excessive. However, overall, I found this to be a useful text and would recommend it to anyone seeking an introduction to using phased-array radars in air and missile defense applications.
Jeffrey's text also provides many excellent references to each chapter that the reader may also wish to investigate.
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Chapter 1 Radar Fundamentals
1 Introduction
2 Search and Track Functions
3 Target Detection, Resolution, and Clutter Concepts
4 Surveillance Radars
5 Radar Block Diagram
6 Radar Range Equation
Volume Search, Horizon Fence Search, Tracking
7 Detection in Noise
Target Models, Probability of False Alarm, Thermal Noise, Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR), Clutter
8 Resolution and Measurement Accuracy
9 Tracking Radars and the Monopulse Technique
10 Track-While-Scan Radars
11 References
12 Problems
Chapter 2 Target Detection
1 Introduction
2 Target Radio Frequency (RF) Scattering Models
3 Target Detection in Noise
4 Target Detection in Clutter
5 Multiple-Pulse Detection
Binary Integration, Non-Coherent (Incoherent) Integration, Coherent Integration
6 References
7 Problems
Chapter 3 Waveforms, Matched Filtering, and Radar Signal Processing
1 Introduction
2 Complex-Waveform Representations
3 Fourier Transforms
4 Matching Filtering
5 Waveform Ambiguity Diagram
6 The Fast Fourier Transform
7 Digital Implementation of Matched Filters
8 Phase-Coded Waveforms
9 Waveform Scheduling
10 Waveforms and Radar Functions
11 Other Radar Signal Processing Functions
CFAR Processin, Monopulse Processing
12 References
13 Problems
Chapter 4 Search and Acquisition Functions
1 Introduction
2 Types of Searches
Volume Search, Horizon Search Fence, Cued Search, Multiple-Beam Search
3 Acquisition Waveforms and Processing
4 References
5 Problems
Chapter 5 Estimation, Tracking, and Data
Association
1 Introduction
2 Parameter Estimation for Radar
3 The Radar Tracking Function
4 Types of Tracking Filters
Fixed-Gain Filters, Computed-Gain Filters (Kalman, Interacting Multiple-Model Filters)
5 Data Association Algorithms
Nearest Neighbor, Probabilistic Data Association (PDA), Joint PDA (JPDA), Nearest-Neighbor JPDA, Multiple-Hypothesis Track, Others.
6 Tracking Air Targets
7 Tracking Ballistic Missile Targets
8 Tracking Surface Targets
9 References
Chapter 6 Target Classification, Discrimination, and Identification (CDI)
1 Introduction
2 The Target Classification Problem
3 Radar-Measured Target Features
4 Waveforms and Signal Processing
CDI Waveforms, Signal Processing
5 Feature Extraction
6 Classifiers
Bayes, Dempster-Shafer, Decision Tree, Rule Based, Compounde
7 Classification of Air Targets
8 Classification of Ballistic Missile Targets
9 Hit or Kill Assessment
10 Performance Prediction
11 References
Chapter 7 Resource Management, Radar Scheduling, and Other Radar Processing
1 Introduction
2 Data and Signal Processing Algorithms
Resource Planning and Radar Scheduling Algorithms, Search and Track Algorithms,
CDI Algorithms, Radar Hardware Control, Radar Measurement Processing, Signal Processing,
Calibration and Alignment, Adaptive Processing, Statistical Detection and Estimation
3 References
Chapter 8 Interference Suppression Techniques
1 Introduction
2 Electronic Interference Sources
Unintentional Interference, Intentional Interference
3 Electronic Protection or Counter-Counter Measures
Sidelobe Blanker, Sidelobe Canceller, Multiple Sidelobe Canceller, Adaptive Processing, Digital Beam Forming,
Frequency Agility and Hopping, Sector Blanking
4 Problems
5 References
Chapter 9 Phased-Array Radar Architectures
1 Introduction
2 Antenna-Based Architectures
3 Bandwidth-Based Architectures
Narrowband and Wideband Radars
4 Function-Based Radars
Search, Track, CDI, Missile Illmination, Multifunction
5 Scalable Radar Architectures
Chapter 10 Fundamental Radar Design Trade-Offs
1 Introduction
2 Operating Frequency Selection
3 Waveform Selection
4 Radar Coverage
5 Receiver Operating Characteristic Design
6 Search Design
7 Tracking Architecture & Parameter Selection
8 Target Classification
9 References
Chapter 11 Performance-Driven Radar Requirements
1 Introduction
2 Radar Hardware Requirements
3 Radar Processing Software Requirements
4 References
Chapter 12 Missile Defense Radar Design Considerations
1 Introduction
2 Missile Defense Mission Parameters and Requirements
3 Interceptor Capabilities and Support Requirements
4 Defended Area
5 Ballistic Missile Defefense Radar Requirements
6 Performance Evaluation and Design Validation
7 References
Chapter 13 Early Warning Radar Design Considerations
1 Introduction
2 Early Warning Mission Parameters and Requirements
3 Threat Warning and Attack Assessment
4 EWR Requirements
5 Performance Evaluation and Design Validation
6 References
Chapter 14 Air Defense Radar Design Considerations
1 Introduction
2 Air Defense Mission Parameters and Requirements
3 Interceptor Capabilities and Support Requirements
4 Defended Area
5 Air Defense Radar Requirements
6 Performance Evaluation and Design Validation
7 References
Chapter 15 Predicted Performance of Phased-Array Radars
1 Introduction
2 Functional Performance
3 References
One thing I would like to commend the author for including in his text is a table of abbreviations/acronyms. Something that is needed in technical works that utilizes abbreviations/acronyms but is very rarely included in other texts. In this case, it isn't quite complete and in at least one case, the expansion of an acronym was out of date. However, I the number of acronyms/abbreviations that were missing from the table is small in comparison to the size of the table and I was delighted just to finally see this type of table being incorporated into a book such as this. However, I am already well versed in air and missile defense systems and have an above average knowledge of radar. The author's experience writing technical specifications for existing radar systems while with Raytheon showed him the value of including such tables.
The text would have benefited from more discussion into the design of searches and when/why you would apply volume or fence searches at variying elevation angles and ranges. It could also have provided expanded discussion of fluctuation models (e.g. Swerling cases). The reader can obtain further knowledge of the fluctuation models in the text I recommended by Edde.
The reader will experience some Déjà vu while reading the text as some material is repeated. Litterally, cut-and-past duplication. Discussions of target classifiers (Baye's, Dempster-Shafer, Decision Tree, Rule-Based) discussed in Chapter 6 "Target CDI" are duplicated (entire paragraphs and equations) in Chapter 7, "Data Processing Algorithms for Phased Array Radars". In very rare cases is repeating material necessary and this is the primary reason for giving this book a three-star rating. I found the repetition to be excessive. However, overall, I found this to be a useful text and would recommend it to anyone seeking an introduction to using phased-array radars in air and missile defense applications.
Jeffrey's text also provides many excellent references to each chapter that the reader may also wish to investigate.
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Chapter 1 Radar Fundamentals
1 Introduction
2 Search and Track Functions
3 Target Detection, Resolution, and Clutter Concepts
4 Surveillance Radars
5 Radar Block Diagram
6 Radar Range Equation
Volume Search, Horizon Fence Search, Tracking
7 Detection in Noise
Target Models, Probability of False Alarm, Thermal Noise, Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR), Clutter
8 Resolution and Measurement Accuracy
9 Tracking Radars and the Monopulse Technique
10 Track-While-Scan Radars
11 References
12 Problems
Chapter 2 Target Detection
1 Introduction
2 Target Radio Frequency (RF) Scattering Models
3 Target Detection in Noise
4 Target Detection in Clutter
5 Multiple-Pulse Detection
Binary Integration, Non-Coherent (Incoherent) Integration, Coherent Integration
6 References
7 Problems
Chapter 3 Waveforms, Matched Filtering, and Radar Signal Processing
1 Introduction
2 Complex-Waveform Representations
3 Fourier Transforms
4 Matching Filtering
5 Waveform Ambiguity Diagram
6 The Fast Fourier Transform
7 Digital Implementation of Matched Filters
8 Phase-Coded Waveforms
9 Waveform Scheduling
10 Waveforms and Radar Functions
11 Other Radar Signal Processing Functions
CFAR Processin, Monopulse Processing
12 References
13 Problems
Chapter 4 Search and Acquisition Functions
1 Introduction
2 Types of Searches
Volume Search, Horizon Search Fence, Cued Search, Multiple-Beam Search
3 Acquisition Waveforms and Processing
4 References
5 Problems
Chapter 5 Estimation, Tracking, and Data
Association
1 Introduction
2 Parameter Estimation for Radar
3 The Radar Tracking Function
4 Types of Tracking Filters
Fixed-Gain Filters, Computed-Gain Filters (Kalman, Interacting Multiple-Model Filters)
5 Data Association Algorithms
Nearest Neighbor, Probabilistic Data Association (PDA), Joint PDA (JPDA), Nearest-Neighbor JPDA, Multiple-Hypothesis Track, Others.
6 Tracking Air Targets
7 Tracking Ballistic Missile Targets
8 Tracking Surface Targets
9 References
Chapter 6 Target Classification, Discrimination, and Identification (CDI)
1 Introduction
2 The Target Classification Problem
3 Radar-Measured Target Features
4 Waveforms and Signal Processing
CDI Waveforms, Signal Processing
5 Feature Extraction
6 Classifiers
Bayes, Dempster-Shafer, Decision Tree, Rule Based, Compounde
7 Classification of Air Targets
8 Classification of Ballistic Missile Targets
9 Hit or Kill Assessment
10 Performance Prediction
11 References
Chapter 7 Resource Management, Radar Scheduling, and Other Radar Processing
1 Introduction
2 Data and Signal Processing Algorithms
Resource Planning and Radar Scheduling Algorithms, Search and Track Algorithms,
CDI Algorithms, Radar Hardware Control, Radar Measurement Processing, Signal Processing,
Calibration and Alignment, Adaptive Processing, Statistical Detection and Estimation
3 References
Chapter 8 Interference Suppression Techniques
1 Introduction
2 Electronic Interference Sources
Unintentional Interference, Intentional Interference
3 Electronic Protection or Counter-Counter Measures
Sidelobe Blanker, Sidelobe Canceller, Multiple Sidelobe Canceller, Adaptive Processing, Digital Beam Forming,
Frequency Agility and Hopping, Sector Blanking
4 Problems
5 References
Chapter 9 Phased-Array Radar Architectures
1 Introduction
2 Antenna-Based Architectures
3 Bandwidth-Based Architectures
Narrowband and Wideband Radars
4 Function-Based Radars
Search, Track, CDI, Missile Illmination, Multifunction
5 Scalable Radar Architectures
Chapter 10 Fundamental Radar Design Trade-Offs
1 Introduction
2 Operating Frequency Selection
3 Waveform Selection
4 Radar Coverage
5 Receiver Operating Characteristic Design
6 Search Design
7 Tracking Architecture & Parameter Selection
8 Target Classification
9 References
Chapter 11 Performance-Driven Radar Requirements
1 Introduction
2 Radar Hardware Requirements
3 Radar Processing Software Requirements
4 References
Chapter 12 Missile Defense Radar Design Considerations
1 Introduction
2 Missile Defense Mission Parameters and Requirements
3 Interceptor Capabilities and Support Requirements
4 Defended Area
5 Ballistic Missile Defefense Radar Requirements
6 Performance Evaluation and Design Validation
7 References
Chapter 13 Early Warning Radar Design Considerations
1 Introduction
2 Early Warning Mission Parameters and Requirements
3 Threat Warning and Attack Assessment
4 EWR Requirements
5 Performance Evaluation and Design Validation
6 References
Chapter 14 Air Defense Radar Design Considerations
1 Introduction
2 Air Defense Mission Parameters and Requirements
3 Interceptor Capabilities and Support Requirements
4 Defended Area
5 Air Defense Radar Requirements
6 Performance Evaluation and Design Validation
7 References
Chapter 15 Predicted Performance of Phased-Array Radars
1 Introduction
2 Functional Performance
3 References
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