This little book is fascinating and, in its way, disturbing. The degree to which Japan's literati not only accepted, but eagerly embraced, the ideals of the country's wartime leaders is shocking. From the perspective of the modern day, it is almost incomprehensible that these educated figures could show such full-throated enthusiasm for war, domination, and (after Japan's defeat) vengeance. To read the diarists is to realize the enormous gap that separates contemporary Japan from the WWII years. Keene tells the story well, though a bit too dispassionately for my taste; I wish he had taken a step back and at least raised some basic questions about the role of intellectuals in a fanatical nationalist regime.