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Gross National Happiness
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Who are the happiest Americans? Surveys show that religious people think they are happier than secularists, and secularists think they are happier than religious people. Liberals believe they are happier than conservatives, and conservatives disagree. In fact, almost every group thinks it is happier than everyone else. In this provocative new book, Arthur C. Brooks explodes the myths about happiness in America. As he did in the controversial Who Really Cares: The Surprising Truth About Compassionate Conservatism, Brooks examines vast amounts of evidence and empirical research to uncover the truth about who is happy in America, who is not, and-most important-why. He finds that there is a real “happiness gap” in America today, and it lies disconcertingly close to America’s cultural and political fault lines. The great divide between the happy and the unhappy in America, Brooks shows, is largely due to differences in social and cultural values. The values that bring happiness are faith, charity, hard work, optimism, and individual liberty. Secularism, excessive reliance on the state to solve problems, and an addiction to security all promote unhappiness. What can be done to maximize America’s happiness? Replete with the unconventional wisdom for which Brooks has come to be known, Gross National Happiness offers surprising and illuminating conclusions about how our government can best facilitate Americans in their pursuit of happiness.
著者について
Arthur C. Brooks is Louis A. Bantle Professor of Business and Government Policy at Syracuse University’s Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs. The author of Who Really Cares: The Surprising Truth About Compassionate Conservatism, Brooks writes widely about the connections between culture, politics, and economic life in America, and his work appears frequently in the Wall Street Journal and other publications. He is a native of Seattle, Washington, and currently lives in Syracuse, New York, with his wife Ester and their three children.
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2 人中、2人の方が、｢このレビューが参考になった｣と投票しています。
By 松下重悳
形式:ハードカバー|Amazon.co.jpで購入済み
53頁にわたる基礎データと文献に基づいて、米国のGNH＝国民総幸福を決める要因と向上施策を整理した中身の濃い社会科学の力作だ。データに基づく分析はしばしば俗説と矛盾するから面白い。例えば、収入が増えても幸福度は変わらない、経済格差が広がっても上昇の機会さえ用意されていれば幸福度は痛まない、子は親の幸福度を下げるが子は親と居て幸福だから子はGNHを向上させる、などだ。
また常識的な結論ではあるが数値で示される面白さがある。幸福度を決める要因の半分は性格で先天的、白人と黒人の幸福度に差はないが不幸度には差がある、宗教に敬虔な人は幸福、既婚者は幸福、収入の絶対的高低は幸福度に無関係だが他人と比べた相対的高低は関係、収入の相対的高低で表現される成功体験が実は幸福の源泉、人は常に1.4倍の収入を求める、「良い生活」のために欲しい耐久消費財の件数は生活が向上しても同じか増大、慈善をすると幸福度が向上、などだ。
政治と幸福、宗教と幸福、家庭と幸福、自由と幸福、金と幸福、格差と幸福、勤労と幸福、慈善と幸福、のように8章に分けて分析し、最後の結語でGNH向上のための9項目の施策を改めて詳細に再録している。要旨は全て結語に含まれている。
膨大なデータに基づいて人の幸福とは何かを考えさせる力作だ。
また常識的な結論ではあるが数値で示される面白さがある。幸福度を決める要因の半分は性格で先天的、白人と黒人の幸福度に差はないが不幸度には差がある、宗教に敬虔な人は幸福、既婚者は幸福、収入の絶対的高低は幸福度に無関係だが他人と比べた相対的高低は関係、収入の相対的高低で表現される成功体験が実は幸福の源泉、人は常に1.4倍の収入を求める、「良い生活」のために欲しい耐久消費財の件数は生活が向上しても同じか増大、慈善をすると幸福度が向上、などだ。
政治と幸福、宗教と幸福、家庭と幸福、自由と幸福、金と幸福、格差と幸福、勤労と幸福、慈善と幸福、のように8章に分けて分析し、最後の結語でGNH向上のための9項目の施策を改めて詳細に再録している。要旨は全て結語に含まれている。
膨大なデータに基づいて人の幸福とは何かを考えさせる力作だ。
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5つ星のうち 3.4
21件のカスタマーレビュー
54 人中、45人の方が、｢このレビューが参考になった｣と投票しています。
5つ星のうち 4.0
Who is happy and why?
2008/5/5
By Brian Ogan
- (Amazon.com)
形式:ハードカバー
Using cold, hard statistics from the past several years around the globe, Arthur Brooks reviles who is the most warm and fuzzy inside. From that the author states what policies the United States is doing that helps or hurts our GNH. The only problem with it is that it seems destined to become a political and not Sociology book due to his findings. Despite saying, for example, there are happy secular liberals (there is just fewer of them), it is getting bashed by the left while praised by the right. Both of which is a shame, since his true purpose is to show why certain people are happy, not necessarily how to make one happy, from an individual standpoint. He isn't saying conservatives are better politically. Just more likely to be happy.
The only time he does show how to make happiness is where he puts down what our leaders national agenda should be if we want higher GNH. He is looking at the macro level, not the micro. Topics explored include: political affiliation (conservative vs. liberal only; there is no data on libertarians or more specific affiliations yet), religion, family (does kids and marriage really bring happiness?), freedom and security (does the Patriot Act affect our GNH?), work, and money.
I wish there was more content for the price, which is why I'm only giving it 4 stars. Hopefully this might start some new studies to fill in the gaps.
The only time he does show how to make happiness is where he puts down what our leaders national agenda should be if we want higher GNH. He is looking at the macro level, not the micro. Topics explored include: political affiliation (conservative vs. liberal only; there is no data on libertarians or more specific affiliations yet), religion, family (does kids and marriage really bring happiness?), freedom and security (does the Patriot Act affect our GNH?), work, and money.
I wish there was more content for the price, which is why I'm only giving it 4 stars. Hopefully this might start some new studies to fill in the gaps.
42 人中、34人の方が、｢このレビューが参考になった｣と投票しています。
5つ星のうち 5.0
Secularists are not going to like this book
2008/7/4
By Jeri Nevermind
- (Amazon.com)
形式:ハードカバー
Brooks sets out to discover who is happy, and why. The information is likely to surprise you.
For one thing, "Religious people of all faiths are much, much happier than secularists" (p 44). The difference is huge. "Of those who believed there is no way to find out if God exists, a paltry 12% claimed to be very happy people" (p 46). Hmmm...no wonder Dawkins and Hitchens' books drip with unhappiness and malice.
And here's one those famous atheists will really gag on: "Religious individuals today are actually better educated and less ignorant of the world around them than secularists" (p 51).
Married people are happier than those who are single, too. Researchers studied people who seemed alike "but one is married and the other is not, the married person will be 18 percentage points more likely than the unmarried person to say he or she is very happy" (61). This will come a as a blow to the feminists.
Among the nations, North Korea is at the bottom of the happiness scale, with Cuba a close second (p 91). What, atheist communism hasn't brought happiness? Shocker.
On the other hand, mere wealth doesn't help much, once a country has achieved a decent level of health and nutrition. At least the wealth of Japan is not helping. And Mexicans are much happier, on average, than the French.
And here is one I would not have guessed: "For most Americans, job satisfaction is nearly equivalent to life satisfaction. Among those who say they are very happy in their lives, 95% are also satisfied with their jobs" (p 159).
This is a interesting and fun.
For one thing, "Religious people of all faiths are much, much happier than secularists" (p 44). The difference is huge. "Of those who believed there is no way to find out if God exists, a paltry 12% claimed to be very happy people" (p 46). Hmmm...no wonder Dawkins and Hitchens' books drip with unhappiness and malice.
And here's one those famous atheists will really gag on: "Religious individuals today are actually better educated and less ignorant of the world around them than secularists" (p 51).
Married people are happier than those who are single, too. Researchers studied people who seemed alike "but one is married and the other is not, the married person will be 18 percentage points more likely than the unmarried person to say he or she is very happy" (61). This will come a as a blow to the feminists.
Among the nations, North Korea is at the bottom of the happiness scale, with Cuba a close second (p 91). What, atheist communism hasn't brought happiness? Shocker.
On the other hand, mere wealth doesn't help much, once a country has achieved a decent level of health and nutrition. At least the wealth of Japan is not helping. And Mexicans are much happier, on average, than the French.
And here is one I would not have guessed: "For most Americans, job satisfaction is nearly equivalent to life satisfaction. Among those who say they are very happy in their lives, 95% are also satisfied with their jobs" (p 159).
This is a interesting and fun.
17 人中、15人の方が、｢このレビューが参考になった｣と投票しています。
5つ星のうち 4.0
Some of the secrets of true happiness revealed -- or reiterated
2008/5/23
By Christopher Barat
- (Amazon.com)
形式:ハードカバー
The author of "Who Really Cares," the tome that turned popular stereotypes about charitable behavior on their heads, is back with more data regarding which groups in the American population report high levels of happiness. No doubt, most outside attention will focus on the very first chapter, wherein Brooks displays that conservatives have consistently been happier than liberals from the early 70s up until the present, but those who toss the book aside in disgust will miss some important insights. Some of the keys to happiness outlined by Brooks include practicing a religious faith, enjoying a happy married life, working at a job with meaning, and giving back to others through charity. A general theme that runs through all of these is that those who refuse to accept victimhood - and instead take steps towards gaining control over those parts of life that can be controlled - are bound to enjoy happy lives. Not a shocking conclusion in and of itself, but it does fly in the face of redistributionist theories that simply "shifting money around" to equalize income will make everyone feel better, not to mention emphases on the god of "self-esteem" (it's always best to strengthen one's own sense of self-worth, as opposed to relying on others to fill our tanks). Lest you think that this is just some partisan screed, Brooks also cautions us that those at both political extremes are among our happiest citizens - and, for that reason, their "tyrannical certainties" should be allowed as little control over our political process as possible. The book gets a little repetitive at times and lifts some of its insights directly from "Who Really Cares," but it's a worthy companion piece to Brooks' earlier volume.
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