This book (505 pages) is very easy to read. It starts from the works by Greek philosophers (Xenophanes, Pythagoras, Anaxagoras, Eratosthenes, Aristotle, etc.) and goes all the way to the Big Bang theory.
It consists of 6 chapters, as shown below:
1, In the Beginning
2. Theories of Universe
3. The Great Debate
4. Mavericks of Cosmos
5. The Paradigm Shift
6. Epilogue
In this review, I cover only Chapter 2.
Bertrand Russell says "Einstein's theory of Relativity is probably is the most synthetic achievement of the human intellect up to the present time." In the early twenties, scientific models emerges for physicists to more clearly understand the universe, backed up by the calculations of how the starts and their planets interact, based on the law of the gravity. The Romer model is a basic.
Then comes the 'ether' theory, which will then be abandoned later.
Michelson and Morey successfully measures the light speed - approximately 300,000 kilometers per second (about 7 times around Earth).
But the mystery of the light speed still remains unresolved. What happens between differently moving objects? It is 21-year old Einstein who finally resolves the question with his special theory of relativity in 1905. Then Einstein moves on to generalize the time and the light paradox with his general theory of relativity in 1907.
Newton's theory of gravity (1666) can apply to most cases precisely enough. But Einstein challenges to this commonly believed theory by finding out that both the distance and time are flexible. The amazing thing is that space will be warped by the heavy gravitational field. Back in 1859, a French astronomer already observed the anomaly of Mercury orbit. This becomes one of the evidences of Einstein's theoretical win over the classic Newton.
In the low-gravity area, Newton's Law is correct enough while in the high-gravity area, Newton's Law is inadequate - for astrophysicists and astronomers.
Other chapters are also thought provoking.
Again, this book is very easy to read - no complicated equations. You can still grasp the essence of human's journey to discover the secrets of Universe.