日本の競争戦略 [単行本]

日本経済の「弱点」を再認識
本書の提言は、日本経済が持っていると思われていた「優位性」を根本から問い直すことから始まる。成功産業については、成功要因よりむしろ「なぜ今伸び悩んでいるのか」に焦点を当て、実証研究する。また、多くの研究者が見落としていたという「失敗産業の事例」についてのケーススタディーを子細に行った点も大きな特徴だ。

『競争優位の戦略』などの著書があり、戦略論研究者として名高いハーバード・ビジネススクール教授マイケル・E・ポーター氏を中心としたチームが8年を費やしてまとめ上げた。研究チームは、例えば「強大な輸出国とあがめられてきた日本において、新たな輸出産業がほとんど育っていない」状況を危険な兆候と見なす。1980年代以降、印刷機械や印刷用インクといった産業以外、主要輸出産業において世界輸出シェアを獲得した例がないことを統計で示している。その上で、日本型経済を理想として発展を目指した国々の競争力の読み方にも、同様の視点があてはまると指摘している。

「政府への課題提言」の章では、貿易の自由化促進、大学制度再構築などに加え、非生産的な内需型産業の淘汰など厳しい施策を示している。

(日経ビジネス2000/5/8号 Copyright©日経BP社.All rights reserved.)

およそ10年にわたる克明な調査を基に、競争戦略論の大家が、通説を覆す日本と日本企業のための競争戦略論を提示する。

戦略を構築する際に唯一信頼できる指標は、収益性である。この目標を達成するためには、日本企業は経営に対する価値観を根本的に転換する必要がある。企業の成功、すなわち経済的価値、顧客への価値、さらには社会的価値を生み出しているかどうかを測る際には、投資に対する収益性を確保しているかどうかが最終的な判断材料とならねばならない。資本は貴重な資源であり、効率的に運用しなければならない対象として考えるべきである。そして、企業やマネジャーの名声や評判は、事業規模ではなく、戦略の独自性に基づくべきである。日本企業は、1960年代から80年代にかけて編み出してきたQCや統計管理手法の“現代版”を積極導入する必要がある。その取り組みにおいては製品の品質改善や生産性向上に傾けたのと同程度の情熱を注ぎ込まなければならない。経営学界の第一人者が10年の調査・研究を基に初めて著す日本企業のための戦略論。

経営学界の第一人者が、10年の調査・研究を基に初めて著す日本企業のための戦略論。成功の罠にはまった日本企業の打開策とは。

Can Japan Compete?, business guru Michael Porter's first book for almost a decade, could scarcely be timelier, arriving on the shelves at a moment in Japanese corporate history when many an awkward chicken is coming home to roost, causing collapse and consolidation on a previously unimaginable scale. It addresses at some length a very Japanese enigma. How could an economy with so many apparently fiercely competitive industries have a hidden, darkly uncompetitive side to it?

Porter and his co-authors set out to challenge the conventional wisdom on the driving forces behind national competitiveness in Japan, and show that Japan is not a special case. "Its industries succeed not when the government manages competition but when it allows competition to flourish. For various political and cultural reasons, it has been appealing to believe that Japan had invented a new and intrinsically superior form of capitalism, one more controlled and egalitarian than the Western vision," say the authors. What they claim to have found instead is that none of the conventional wisdom is true. Japan's much-celebrated bureaucratic capitalism is not the cause of the country's success. In fact, it is most closely associated with the nation's failures.

Can Japan Compete? sets off at a brisk pace that quickly proves difficult for the authors to sustain. Sharp prose gives way to hard data and plentiful charts. Stick with it, though. In among the thickets of facts and figures there still lurks an array of interesting propositions, leading up to a simple and pretty incontestable final statement. If mindsets in Japan change, the nation has the capacity to move rapidly. --Brian Bollen --このテキストは、 ハードカバー 版に関連付けられています。

Japan has been in an economic slump for more than half a decade. Why did this once-strong economy topple? What do its troubles tell us about competing in the new global marketplace? In Can Japan Compete?, world-renowned competition strategist Michael Porter and his colleagues explain why American assumptions about Japan have proved so inaccurate, what Japan must do to regain its strength, and what its journey can tell us about how to succeed in the new global economy. The research behind this book began in the early 1990s, at a time when Japan's economic success was overwhelmingly credited to the Japanese government and its unique management policies. Porter and his colleagues started by asking a crucial but previously overlooked question: If Japanese government policies and practices accounted for the nation's extraordinary competitiveness, then why wasn't Japan competitive in many of the industries where those policies had been prominently implemented? The authors and a team of colleagues surveyed a vast array of Japanese industries. This surprising book is the result of their work. The continuing influence of Japanese government and management strategies worldwide makes Can Japan Compete? a must read for anyone competing in the global economy.

On The Competitive Advantage of Nations:
--このテキストは、 ハードカバー 版に関連付けられています。

'Michael Porter is one of the world's most influential authorities on corporate strategy.' - Independent on Sunday 'Porter is the single most important strategist working today, and maybe of all time.' - Kevin Coyne, McKinsey & Co, Fortune 'Takeuchi...ranks among the intellectual leaders of the younger, globally minded generation that is coming to power in Japan.' - Fortune 'This excellent book is definitely a must read. Business people will have a clear idea of what specific problems need to be resolved if they apply the analysis results and future directions suggested in the book to their own company situation.' - Yomiuri Weekly, of Japanese language edition 'The unique feature of this book is the meticulous examination into the activities of individual firms in our country.This is one book that every business person should read.' - JMA Management Review, of Japanese language edition 'America's top business guru...Professor Michael Porter of Harvard Business School is...consultant to the world on what makes economies hum. His status as an international authority on the right way to manage rests on a quarter of a century of mining data from the corporate coalface.' - The Times 'He's one of the two or three so-called gurus on competitiveness who've had more impact over the past 50 years than anyone else.' - Leo Murray, Director, Cranfield School of Management '...an important contribution to policy thinking - not only in Japan.' - Tom Hardiman, Intermedia 'Michael Porter has summarised in a masterly fashion the key factors that lie behind Japan's economic and corporate success and present problems.' - Strategy 'Based on extensive research the book carries sound analysis and a clarion call to action. The current situation can be turned around and this book shows clearly the way ahead for Japan. For those with an interest in the future of one of the world's largest economies, this is a must read.' - Marketing Business 'Porter (is) the world's foremost authority on corporate strategy.' - South China Morning Post 'A master class on the performance of the post war 'Japanese economic miracle'...one of the best written, clearly presented, well referenced and easily read volumes that one is ever likely to find on this complex subject...A first class read.' - Engineering Management Journal 'A clearly substantiated and well-researched contribution to a clearer understanding of the Japanese economy and culture.' - Business Age 'The detailed research that has gone into this book gives it a more solid foundation than others in the field...the proposals for corporations bear close scrutiny as they aren't just a wholesale selling of Anglo-Saxon practices. The authors...offer a more balanced prescription that gives value to the long-term approach Japanese business has always had.' - World Link 'Michael Porter is a guru. In the overcrowded parking lot of management gurus he is the flaming red one with a turbo charged, 32 valve, three litre engine, a GURU1 number plate and a CD changer in the boot. Porter, a professor at Harvard Business School, has not only taught generations of ambitious executives how to run business better, but his CV reads more like Henry Kissinger's diary than the life of an average academic.' - Neil Bennett, Sunday Telegraph 'Can Japan Compete?...took almost eight years to complete and represents a major contribution to the understanding of Japan. It also offers a set of ideas that can guide economic policy and corporate practice in any country.' - Euro Business 'Porter is the undisputed global authority on strategic management thinking and national competitive advantage and his views on the future of the Japanese economy should be worth reading.' Carol Kennedy, Business Highlights, Booksellers' Buyers Guide 2000 'This is good stuff! Not only is it a timely - and critical - reminder that choosing, occupying and staying in a unique position is an essential part of competitive strategy, but it is also a classic part of the continuing academic debate on strategy...Michael Porter must have enjoyed writing this book and...you should enjoy reading it.' - The Antidote 'Michael E. Porter is an undoubted Business guru.' - The Good Book Guide --このテキストは、 ハードカバー 版に関連付けられています。

MICHAEL E. PORTER is the C.Roland Christensen Professor of Business Administration at Harvard Business School and a leading authority on competitive strategy and international competitiveness. He is the best-selling author of several books on corporate strategy including, The Competitive Advantage of Nations. HIROTAKA TAKEUCHI is Dean of the Graduate School of International Corporate Strategy, Hitotsubashi University, Japan. MARIKO SAKAKIBARA is Assistant Professor at the John E. Anderson Graduate School of Management, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). --このテキストは、 ハードカバー 版に関連付けられています。